DENSITY TOWER

MATERIALS 

• Tall, narrow, clear container (500 mL or 1000 mL graduated cylinders are perfect)
• 50-100 mL (1.5-3.5 oz) lamp oil
• 50-100 mL rubbing alcohol
• 50-100 mL vegetable oil
• 50-100 mL tap water
• 50-100 mL dish soap
• 50-100 mL milk
• 50-100 mL maple syrup
• 50-100 mL corn syrup
• 50-100 mL honey
• Ping pong ball
• Soda bottle cap
• Plastic bead
• Grape tomato
• Board game die
• Popcorn kernel
• Metal nut or bolt

HOW TO DO?

1. Start your column by pouring the honey into the cylinder. Now, you will pour each liquid SLOWLY into the container, one at a time. It is very important to pour the liquids slowly and into the center of the cylinder. Make sure that the liquids do not touch the sides of the cylinder while you are pouring. It’s okay if the liquids mix a little as you are pouring. The layers will always even themselves out because of the varying densities. Make sure you pour the liquids in the following order:

• Honey
• Corn syrup
• Maple syrup
• Milk
• Dish soap
• Water
• Vegetable oil
• Rubbing alcohol
• Lamp oil

2. After letting the liquid layers settle, you'll notice that they remain in the order you poured them into the cylinder and that they are clearly distinguishable from each other. What scientific principle do you think contributes to the column's layers?

3. Make a chart that shows the order of each layer.
Take the various small objects and drop them into the column. Drop them in the following order:

• Metal nut or bolt
• Popcorn kernel
• Board game die
• Grape tomato
• Plastic bead
• Soda cap
• Ping pong ball

Each of the objects will sink through or float on a different layer of the density column. What makes some objects sink deeper into the column while some hardly sink at all?

HOW DOES IT WORK?

The same amount of two different liquids will have different weights because they have different masses. The liquids that weigh more (have a higher density) will sink below the liquids that weigh less (have a lower density).

To test this, you might want to set up a scale and measure each of the liquids that you poured into your column. Make sure that you measure the weights of equal portions of each liquid. You should find that the weights of the liquids correspond to each different layer of liquid. For example, the honey will weigh more than the Karo syrup. By weighing these liquids, you will find that density and weight are closely related.


Density is basically how much "stuff" is smashed into a particular area... or a comparison between an object's mass and volume. Remember the all-important equation: Density = Mass divided by Volume. Based on this equation, if the weight (or mass) of something increases but the volume stays the same, the density has to go up. Likewise, if the mass decreases but the volume stays the same, the density has to go down. Lighter liquids (like water or rubbing alcohol) are less dense than heavy liquids (like honey or Karo syrup) and so float on top of the more dense layers.

The same goes for the small objects that you dropped into your density column. The metal bolt is more dense than any of the liquids in the column and therefore sinks directly to the bottom. Less dense objects will float on individual layers of the column, however. For instance, the plastic bead is more dense than the vegetable oil and everything above it but less dense than the water and everything below it. This makes the bead settle on the top of the water.

RESOURCE

http://www.stevespanglerscience.com/lab/experiments/density-tower-magic-with-science#sthash.jLxfuPTr.dpufr

HOW TO MAKE A VOLCANO

Tips:

•  The cool red lava is the result of a chemical reaction between the baking soda and vinegar.
• In this reaction, carbon dioxide gas is produced, which is also present in real volcanoes.
• As the carbon dioxide gas is produced, pressure builds up inside the plastic bottle, until the gas bubbles (thanks to the detergent) out of the 'volcano'.Adding a bit of food coloring will result in red-orange lava! Orange seems to work the best. Add some red, yellow, and even purple, for a bright display.

RESOURCE

    Youtube

WATER MOLECUES ON THE MOVE

Water Molecules on the Move

This experiment is great for testing if hot water molecules really move faster than cold ones. Pour some water, drop in some food coloring and compare results.

What you'll need:

A clear glass filled with hot water
A clear glass filled with cold water
Food coloring
An eye dropper






Instructions:

Fill the glasses with the same amount of water, one cold and one hot.
Put one drop of food coloring into both glasses as quickly as possible.
Watch what happens to the food colouring.


What's happening?

If you watch closely you will notice that the food coloring spreads faster throughout the hot water than in the cold. The molecules in the hot water move at a faster rate, spreading the food coloring faster than the cold water molecules which mover slower.




Resource
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/experiments/movingmolecules.html

Bottled Egg Experiment

'Eggs-Periments': Bottled Egg

First get permission to use kitchen equipment and eggs.


YOU WILL NEED

• One peeled, hard-boiled egg 
• Plastic or glass bottle with an opening slightly smaller than the egg 
• Large bowl of hot water 
• Large bowl of ice water 

HOW?

Step 1


Put the bottle in the bowl of hot water for about five minutes.


Step 2


Move the bottle to the bowl of ice water. Wet the egg and place it pointed side down in the bottle opening. As the air inside the bottle cools, the egg will slowly move into the bottle.


Step 3


To remove the egg, hold the bottle upside down so the egg is near the opening. Blow hard into the bottle with your mouth tight against the opening. Point the bottle away from you: The egg flies out!



WHY?

Hot air expands. Cold air contracts. When the air inside the bottle is heated, the molecules, or tiny air particles, inside the bottle spread out, increasing air pressure. As the air in the bottle cools, the air pressure decreases. The greater outside air pressure pushes the egg into the bottle. Blowing into the bottle raises the air pressure again. The air and the egg rush out of the bottle.

CANISTER FILM ROCKET

YOU WILL NEED

1. One empty 35mm plastic film canister and lid. These are getting harder to find, but stores that develop film should have some. (The white canisters work much better than the black ones do.) 
2. One fizzing antacid tablet (such as Panadol Soluble)
3. Water
4. Safety goggles

PROCEDURE

1. Put on those safety goggles and head outside - no really, when this works, that film canister really flies! If you want to try the indoor version, do not turn the canister upside down in step 5.

2. Break the antacid tablet in half.

3. Remove the lid from the film canister and put a teaspoon (5 ml) of water into the canister.

Do the next 2 steps quickly

4. Drop the tablet half into the canister and snap the cap onto the canister (make sure that it snaps on tightly.)

5. Quickly put the canister on the ground CAP SIDE DOWN and STEP BACK at least 2 meters.

6. About 10 seconds later, you will hear a POP! and the film canister will launch into the air!

Caution: If it does not launch, wait at least 30 second before examining the canister. Usually the cap is not on tight enough and the build up of gas leaked out.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

There's nothing like a little rocket science to add some excitement to the day. When you add the water it starts to dissolve the alka-seltzer tablet. This creates a gas call carbon dioxide. As the carbon dioxide is being released, it creates pressure inside the film canister. The more gas that is made, the more pressure builds up until the cap it blasted down and the rocket is blasted up. This system of thrust is how a real rocket works whether it is in outer space or here in the earth's atmosphere.