DENSITY TOWER

MATERIALS 

• Tall, narrow, clear container (500 mL or 1000 mL graduated cylinders are perfect)
• 50-100 mL (1.5-3.5 oz) lamp oil
• 50-100 mL rubbing alcohol
• 50-100 mL vegetable oil
• 50-100 mL tap water
• 50-100 mL dish soap
• 50-100 mL milk
• 50-100 mL maple syrup
• 50-100 mL corn syrup
• 50-100 mL honey
• Ping pong ball
• Soda bottle cap
• Plastic bead
• Grape tomato
• Board game die
• Popcorn kernel
• Metal nut or bolt

HOW TO DO?

1. Start your column by pouring the honey into the cylinder. Now, you will pour each liquid SLOWLY into the container, one at a time. It is very important to pour the liquids slowly and into the center of the cylinder. Make sure that the liquids do not touch the sides of the cylinder while you are pouring. It’s okay if the liquids mix a little as you are pouring. The layers will always even themselves out because of the varying densities. Make sure you pour the liquids in the following order:

• Honey
• Corn syrup
• Maple syrup
• Milk
• Dish soap
• Water
• Vegetable oil
• Rubbing alcohol
• Lamp oil

2. After letting the liquid layers settle, you'll notice that they remain in the order you poured them into the cylinder and that they are clearly distinguishable from each other. What scientific principle do you think contributes to the column's layers?

3. Make a chart that shows the order of each layer.
Take the various small objects and drop them into the column. Drop them in the following order:

• Metal nut or bolt
• Popcorn kernel
• Board game die
• Grape tomato
• Plastic bead
• Soda cap
• Ping pong ball

Each of the objects will sink through or float on a different layer of the density column. What makes some objects sink deeper into the column while some hardly sink at all?

HOW DOES IT WORK?

The same amount of two different liquids will have different weights because they have different masses. The liquids that weigh more (have a higher density) will sink below the liquids that weigh less (have a lower density).

To test this, you might want to set up a scale and measure each of the liquids that you poured into your column. Make sure that you measure the weights of equal portions of each liquid. You should find that the weights of the liquids correspond to each different layer of liquid. For example, the honey will weigh more than the Karo syrup. By weighing these liquids, you will find that density and weight are closely related.


Density is basically how much "stuff" is smashed into a particular area... or a comparison between an object's mass and volume. Remember the all-important equation: Density = Mass divided by Volume. Based on this equation, if the weight (or mass) of something increases but the volume stays the same, the density has to go up. Likewise, if the mass decreases but the volume stays the same, the density has to go down. Lighter liquids (like water or rubbing alcohol) are less dense than heavy liquids (like honey or Karo syrup) and so float on top of the more dense layers.

The same goes for the small objects that you dropped into your density column. The metal bolt is more dense than any of the liquids in the column and therefore sinks directly to the bottom. Less dense objects will float on individual layers of the column, however. For instance, the plastic bead is more dense than the vegetable oil and everything above it but less dense than the water and everything below it. This makes the bead settle on the top of the water.

RESOURCE

http://www.stevespanglerscience.com/lab/experiments/density-tower-magic-with-science#sthash.jLxfuPTr.dpufr

HOW TO MAKE A VOLCANO

Tips:

•  The cool red lava is the result of a chemical reaction between the baking soda and vinegar.
• In this reaction, carbon dioxide gas is produced, which is also present in real volcanoes.
• As the carbon dioxide gas is produced, pressure builds up inside the plastic bottle, until the gas bubbles (thanks to the detergent) out of the 'volcano'.Adding a bit of food coloring will result in red-orange lava! Orange seems to work the best. Add some red, yellow, and even purple, for a bright display.

RESOURCE

    Youtube

WATER MOLECUES ON THE MOVE

Water Molecules on the Move

This experiment is great for testing if hot water molecules really move faster than cold ones. Pour some water, drop in some food coloring and compare results.

What you'll need:

A clear glass filled with hot water
A clear glass filled with cold water
Food coloring
An eye dropper






Instructions:

Fill the glasses with the same amount of water, one cold and one hot.
Put one drop of food coloring into both glasses as quickly as possible.
Watch what happens to the food colouring.


What's happening?

If you watch closely you will notice that the food coloring spreads faster throughout the hot water than in the cold. The molecules in the hot water move at a faster rate, spreading the food coloring faster than the cold water molecules which mover slower.




Resource
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/experiments/movingmolecules.html

Bottled Egg Experiment

'Eggs-Periments': Bottled Egg

First get permission to use kitchen equipment and eggs.


YOU WILL NEED

• One peeled, hard-boiled egg 
• Plastic or glass bottle with an opening slightly smaller than the egg 
• Large bowl of hot water 
• Large bowl of ice water 

HOW?

Step 1


Put the bottle in the bowl of hot water for about five minutes.


Step 2


Move the bottle to the bowl of ice water. Wet the egg and place it pointed side down in the bottle opening. As the air inside the bottle cools, the egg will slowly move into the bottle.


Step 3


To remove the egg, hold the bottle upside down so the egg is near the opening. Blow hard into the bottle with your mouth tight against the opening. Point the bottle away from you: The egg flies out!



WHY?

Hot air expands. Cold air contracts. When the air inside the bottle is heated, the molecules, or tiny air particles, inside the bottle spread out, increasing air pressure. As the air in the bottle cools, the air pressure decreases. The greater outside air pressure pushes the egg into the bottle. Blowing into the bottle raises the air pressure again. The air and the egg rush out of the bottle.

CANISTER FILM ROCKET

YOU WILL NEED

1. One empty 35mm plastic film canister and lid. These are getting harder to find, but stores that develop film should have some. (The white canisters work much better than the black ones do.) 
2. One fizzing antacid tablet (such as Panadol Soluble)
3. Water
4. Safety goggles

PROCEDURE

1. Put on those safety goggles and head outside - no really, when this works, that film canister really flies! If you want to try the indoor version, do not turn the canister upside down in step 5.

2. Break the antacid tablet in half.

3. Remove the lid from the film canister and put a teaspoon (5 ml) of water into the canister.

Do the next 2 steps quickly

4. Drop the tablet half into the canister and snap the cap onto the canister (make sure that it snaps on tightly.)

5. Quickly put the canister on the ground CAP SIDE DOWN and STEP BACK at least 2 meters.

6. About 10 seconds later, you will hear a POP! and the film canister will launch into the air!

Caution: If it does not launch, wait at least 30 second before examining the canister. Usually the cap is not on tight enough and the build up of gas leaked out.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

There's nothing like a little rocket science to add some excitement to the day. When you add the water it starts to dissolve the alka-seltzer tablet. This creates a gas call carbon dioxide. As the carbon dioxide is being released, it creates pressure inside the film canister. The more gas that is made, the more pressure builds up until the cap it blasted down and the rocket is blasted up. This system of thrust is how a real rocket works whether it is in outer space or here in the earth's atmosphere.

FLYING TISSUE PAPER EXPERIMENT

Kids love science, it is never dull. Create magic with science using static electricity. Kids will love being able to show their friends this great science trick and have them guessing why the reaction happened, and how.

YOU WILL NEED

• tissue 
• paper 
• scissors 
• comb 

PROCEDURE

1. Cut the tissue paper into squares of 2cm by 2cm.

2. Run the comb through your hair about 15 times.

3. Immediately hold the comb directly above the tissue paper and watch the paper fly!


EXPLANATORY NOTE
The paper is pulled up by the comb through static electricity.

RESOURCE
http://www.kidspot.com.au/kids-activities-and-games/Science-experiments+10/Science-experiment-Flying-tissue-paper

MAKE YOUR OWN PARACHUTE

YOU WILL NEED:

• A plastic bag or light material
• Scissors
• String
• A small object to act as the weight, a little action figure would be perfect

PROCEDURE:

1. Cut out a large square from your plastic bag or material.
2. Trim the edges so it looks like an octagon (an eight sided shape).
3. Cut a small whole near the edge of each side.
4. Attach 8 pieces of string of the same length to each of the holes.
5. Tie the pieces of string to the object you are using as a weight.
6. Use a chair or find a high spot to drop your parachute and test how well it worked, remember that you want it to drop as slow as possible.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

Hopefully your parachute will descend slowly to the ground, giving your weight a comfortable landing. When you release the parachute the weight pulls down on the strings and opens up a large surface area of material that uses air resistance to slow it down. The larger the surface area the more air resistance and the slower the parachute will drop.

Cutting a small hole in the middle of the parachute will allow air to slowly pass through it rather than spilling out over one side, this should help the parachute fall straighter.

RESOURCE

http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/experiments/freefall.html

MAKE YOUR OWN KALEIDOSCOPE

YOU WILL NEED

1. Paper towel tube cut eight inches (20 centimeters) long 
2. Clear plastic report cover 
3. Ruler 
4. Pen or marker 
5. Paring knife or art utility knife 
6. Four-inch (ten-centimeter) squares (one each) of black construction paper, plastic wrap, and waxed paper 
7. Scissors 
8. Rubber band 
9. Clear tape 
10. Colored transparent beads, small sequins, and shiny confetti 
11. Stickers and wrapping paper 

PROCEDURE

Draw an 8-by-4-inch (20-by-10-centimeter) rectangle on the report cover. Cut it out. Draw three lines across the rectangle as shown.


Fold the plastic along the lines to form a triangular shape. The quarter-inch (.6-centimeter) strip goes on the outside. Tape the strip along the edge so it stays closed.



Slide the plastic triangle into the paper towel roll.


Turn the paper towel tube on one end. Trace a circle around it on the construction paper. Poke a hole through the center of the circle and tape it over one end of the tube.



Place a square of plastic wrap on the other end of the tube. Press down to create a pouch in the end of the plastic triangle. Put some beads, sequins, and confetti in the pouch.



Place a square of waxed paper over the pouch. Stretch the rubber band over both the waxed paper and the plastic wrap. Be sure it’s on tight so nothing spills out!



Trim the corners of the squares. Decorate the outside of the paper towel roll with stickers or wrapping paper.



Hold the tube up to one eye and look through it. Turn it and watch your own light show!

EXPLANATORY NOTE
Light travels in a straight line through empty space, but when it bumps into an object, it changes direction. Some shiny surfaces, like the plastic report cover or a mirror, send or reflect light back to you. (Think of a ball bouncing off a wall.) The sides of the plastic tube inside the kaleidoscope reflect the beads, sequins, and confetti. The reflections bounce back and forth from side to side creating multiple images. When you turn the kaleidoscope, the pieces move, and you see a different design.


Resources: http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/kids/activities/funscience/be-dazzled/

LAVA IN A CUP

You will Need:

•  A clear drinking glass
• 1/4 cup vegetable oil
• 1 teaspoon salt
• Water
• Food coloring (optional)

Procedure 

Fill the glass about 3/4 full of water .
Add about 5 drops of food coloring - I like red for the lava look.
Slowly pour the vegetable oil into the glass. See how the oil floats on top - cool huh? It gets better.
Now the fun part: Sprinkle the salt on top of the oil.
Watch blobs of lava move up and down in your glass!
If you liked that, add another teaspoon of salt to keep the effect going.


Explanatory Note:
So what's going on? Of course, it's not real lava but it does look a bit like a lava lamp your parents may have had. First of all, the oil floats on top of the water because it is lighter than the water. Since the salt is heavier than oil, it sinks down into the water and takes some oil with it, but then the salt dissolves and back up goes the oil! Pretty cool huh?

Resource: 

www.sciencebob.com/experiments

NERVE TESTER

Key idea: An electric circuit is a complete (unbroken) path that forms a loop.

You will need:
• a coathanger (or thinner but stiff wire), bent into a crazy wave shape and
  fastened into a wooden board
• a buzzer
• a battery
• connecting wire.

Procedure:

1. Construct a circuit, designed so that a player’s nerve is tested as they attempt to pass a loop along this wire without touching.
2. A buzzer rings if the loop touches the wire.
3. The circuit is completed when the loop touches the wire.
4. The game becomes more difficult if the loop is made smaller. 

Super Cool Science Experiments You Can Do At Home

Video ini saya perolehi dari youtube. Di sini terdapat beberapa contoh aktiviti keajaiban sains yang dapat dilakukan sendiri di rumah. antara aktiviti yang terdapat dalam video ini adalah:

1. Make Eggs Bounce
2. Make's an Ivory Soup Souffle
3. Change The Colour of Flower
4. Homemade Lava Lamp
5. Make Sound Visual

FLOATING BALL

You will need:
A straw
A ping-pong ball, or small styrofoam ball from a craft store

Procedure:
Take the straw, hold it in your mouth, and point it straight up.
Blow pretty hard through the straw to make a good air stream.
Set the ball gently in the air stream. The ball should float in the stream!
Make sure you do not chase the ball, and just let it float in the steady stream.
It takes practice, but it won’t go anywhere if you keep it pointed up in one place!

CONDENSATION

You will need:
Glass of water 

Procedure:

1. Put the glass of water in the refrigerator for about an hour or so, until it is very cold. 
2. Take it out of the refrigerator after it is cold, and notice how drops of water form on the outside of the glass.

Explanatory Note
The glass filled with cold water cools the air around it when you take it out of the refrigerator, and some of the water vapor in the air condenses and forms drops of water on the outside of the glass

MAGNETIC PICK UP

You will need:


A piece of paper
A paper clip
Thread
Clear tape
Scissors
A strong magnet

Procedure

1. Cut a paper kite shape about three inches long and attach a paper clip to one corner.
2. To the opposite corner, tape a piece of thread about eight inches long.
3. Tape the other end of the thread to a flat surface.
4. Use a strong magnet to pick up the paper clip and extend the string to full length.
5. Hold the kite between your fingers and slowly move the magnet away from the paper       clip. 
6. When you release the kite, it “flies,” unattached to the magnet.


Explanatory Note:
Magnets have a magnetic field, an invisible force that attracts some kinds of metal. Metal objects within the magnetic field do not have to touch a magnet to be pulled by magnetism.

Resources:
http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/kids/activities/funscience/magnet/

BALLOON ROCKET

BALLOON ROCKET

Key idea: 
To every force there is an equal and opposite reaction force.

You will need:
• a length of fishing line or waxy string
• a means to attach the line or string to walls
• sticky tape
• a plastic soft-drink bottle
• plasticine
• Blu-Tack
• drinking straws
• long balloons
• paperclips.

Procedure:

1. String a fishing line across the room with a straw attached so it can slide along the line.
2. Use sticky tape to attach a balloon to the straw. Blow up the balloon and release it, pointing the balloon so it is propelled along the fishing line.

Explanatory note: 
The balloon rocket works on the principle of rocket
propulsion. This is what is meant by ‘to every action there is an equal and
opposite reaction’. The balloon forces air out as it deflates, and itself
experiences a force from the air in the opposite direction.

Resources:
Hubber, P. & Tytler, R (2005). Ideas for Teaching Science: Years: P-8. Burwood: Deakin University